Aspirin May Lower the Risk of Colon Cancer Depend On Genes

Aspirins benefits in thwarting melanoma of the colon is inspired by a gene mutation that makes tumor cells less sensitive to the drugs outcomes, according to an analysis that may lead to personalized prevention techniques.

Developing melanoma of the colon with a mutation of the gene BRAF was similar for both regular aspirin user and non-users, according to analysis launched today in the Book of the America Medical Organization. Regular aspirin user had a 27 % reduced possibility of developing melanoma without the mutation contrary to those who did not continually take the aspirin, the analysis found.

The finding, one of the first to show that aspirin use doesn't prevent colon malignancies with the BRAF issue, may help guide doctors when suggesting the drug’s use to prevent the disease, Andrew Chan, a study author. More analysis are needed to better understand the part aspirin works in melanoma prevention, who is most at risk and which polyps may become malignancies with a BRAF mutation, he said.

Weve entered a new era in which we would possibly start to think about personalized prevention participation, said Chan, an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston, in a telephone interview. That’s something we haven’t been doing so far. Weve been really trying to develop one size fits all treatment.
An analysis last year in the New England Book of Medicine exposed that the safety effect of aspirin was limited to those whose malignancies had a gene issue called PIK3CA. About 20 % of colon malignancies have genetic mutations in the PIK3CA gene. That examines to 10 % to 15 % of malignancies with an issue in the BRAF gene, today authors said.

Colorectal melanoma is the third most generally clinically diagnosed metastasizing melanoma in both U.S.
men and women, not such as dangerous skin malignancies, and the third major cause of melanoma deaths, according to the America Cancer Community. About 102,480 new malignancies of the colon and 40,340 circumstances of rectal melanoma will be clinically diagnosed this year. About 50,000 people are required to die of disease.

Researchers in the analysis collected set of questions details on aspirin use among associates of the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Of the 127,865 people in the analysis, 1,226 circumstances of rectal and colon malignancies were determined and made available for molecular details.

They found that the more aspirin participants used each week the less possibility of developing melanoma without the mutation contrary to those who did not take the aspirin. There was no benefit in increasing aspirin use on the development of melanoma with the mutated gene.

These outcomes identify biomarkers of response to aspirin administered either preventively or therapeutically and are likely to help change the use of aspirin in the prevention and treatment of colon melanoma, had written Boris Pasche, a speaker of drugs at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and a contributing editor for JAMA, in an accompanying editorial.

How Does Calcium Lower the Risk of Colon Cancer?

Calcium supplementation protect against the most dangerous types of colon polyps, and therefore colorectal cancer, as reported by the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.Intestinal tract polyps are growths that develop inside the large intestine. Most have the capabilities to become cancer, with large polyps or those who show a high degree of cancerous changes the most likely to progress. Colon cancer is the second most widespread cancer in Western countries. People with family members who definitely have had digestive tract melanoma, and people who have inflammatory bowel disease, just like Crohn’s disorder and ulcerative colitis, are at higher threat for colon cancer. Familial polyposis, and hereditary condition distinguished by frequent formation of colon polyps, also increases the risk of colorectal cancer.

A wide range of dietary factors might give rise to colon cancer risk. A diet that is rich in vegetables appears to be the most safety. In contrast, eating deep fried or darkly browned meat foods frequently more than, enhances the possibility of cancer of the intestinal system, obviously because cancer-causing chemicals form during high-temperature cooking of meat. Some analysis have found that increasing fiber can avoid cancer of the intestinal system, but other analysis have did not validate those reports. Wide ranges of analysis have suggested that calcium might avoid cancer of the intestinal system. Some, but not all, have found that taking calcium supplements can lower the possibility of developing cancer of the intestinal system and precancerous polyps.

In the existing analysis, 913 people who had at least one colon polyp operatively removed. They all had the surgery treatment within three a few weeks before coming into the analysis, and were polyp-free upon entry. Healthy intake of calcium, fat, and fiber was analyzed for each person through the use of foods related concerns, and each was then randomly assigned to get either 1,200 mg of calcium carbonate per day or placebo. Colonoscopic exams to look for new polyps were performed one and four years after the start of the analysis, and polyps that were found were analyzed to determine their type, size, and level of melanoma change. At the end of the analysis, the possibility of developing intestinal system polyps was found to be 14% decreased in people taking calcium than in those taking placebo. Moreover, calcium supplement lower the possibility of the most serious kinds of intestinal system polyps by 35%.

The results of this analysis suggest that supplementing with calcium might offer some protection against precancerous colon polyps in people at higher risk due to a previous history of polyps. They further show that polyps that developed while getting calcium might be less likely to be the most serious type. Future analyses are required to confirm these results. For now, it is cost-effective to suggest calcium supplements to those who are at higher risk of developing intestinal system polyps.

Does Exercise Lower The Risk Of Colon Cancer?

Your digestive tract is kind of like a sewage place. It recycles the stuff your body can use and stores the waste for disposal.  The longer period waste sets in the digestive tract or rectum, the longer harmful materials have to leach out of the solidifying stool and back into your tissues. Exercise gets your body moving, which the waste in your system gets moving. This is because exercise encourages peristalsis, a wave-like muscle contraction that allows push waste through your digestive tract. Research indicates that exercising can decrease cancer of the digestive tract risk by up to 40%. Exercise also tends to decrease the incident of other threats for cancer of the digestive tract, like obesity and diabetic issues.

Why should you care?
Colorectal cancer is the second-leading cause of U.S. cancer deaths for women and men combined. In fact, more lives are lost each year to digestive tract cancer than to AIDS and breast malignancies combined. If you really like yourself and you really like the people who care about you, you have good reasons to care about preventing colon cancer.

What should you do?
Intentional exercise seems to be less important than simply leading an active life. In general, people don't have to go to the gym three-to-five times a week for an hour in order to decrease their chance of generating digestive tract cancer. People can decrease their risk by increasing exercise in their daily routine. This can be carried out by choosing a faraway parking space, taking the staircases, shopping, cleaning, getting walking, playing with children or pets, and several different other actions. Of course, intentional exercise isn't bad either. But it's hard to do if you're forcing it on yourself. So, I suggest making a real effort to find a fun, physical past time. Sex works. If you like it and you're safe and old enough and all the other caveats that should be added. Team sports like football ball, basketball, volleyball and tennis are outstanding for a lot of people. Individual sports like getting on, swimming, walking, and running are great for others. Exercising prevents cancer of the digestive tract and makes you feel better. It can also be fun, if you let it. Why not incorporate a bit more exercise into your daily routine?

How much exercise?
Up to 1 hour duration of average activity daily or 30 minutes of vigorous activity is recommended to cut your
cancer risk. 'Moderate strength activity' is anything causing a minimal but identifiable increase in respiration and heart beat rate (like quick walking, buttoning a clothing, medium-paced snorkeling or cycling). 'Vigorous activity' makes you 'huff and puff'. It can be described as exercise at 70% to 85% of your maximum heart rate and includes activities like football, squash, netball, basketball, aerobics, circuit training, jogging, fast cycling and rowing.

What kinds of activity can do?
If you don't like the gym, try:

• Active recreation like bush walking, surfing or cycling.
• Active transport such as walking to public transport, or walking or cycling to your destination.
• Sports such as soccer, netball and tennis.
• Salsa or ballroom dancing.
• Strength training like Pilates and yoga.
• Brisk walking or jogging.
• Skipping rope or ballgames.

Can Omega-3 Reduce The Risk Of Colon Cancer?

The omega-3 fatty acids know as EPA and DHA will be determined as nutritional value with highly effective health promoting qualities. A recent British research indicates that EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) can have a noticeable safety effect on precancerous development in the digestive tract.

What Study Say:

Based on lab tests which had indicated that EPA has anti colon cancer activity, a research team in London, examined if EPA is capable of avoiding the development of anal polyps in human subjects who have a inherited propensity to develop intestinal melanoma. Such individuals suffer from a situation known as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) which predisposes them to develop intestinal polyps or precancerous growth in the intestinal. These polyps often become digestive tract or anal cancer.

A variety of 55 sufferers who had already gone through surgery to eliminate precancerous anal cancers or polyps, were arbitrarily separated into two categories. The one team was given 2 gram of EPA on a regular basis for 6 months, while the other team obtained a placebo (dummy pill. Endoscopies were conducted on all the subjects before and after the 6 several weeks of therapy to determine if any changes had happened in their tendency to generate colon polyps. Samples of intestinal cells were also evaluated for omega-3 content.

What Result Found:

The sufferers getting the EPA complement on a regular basis experienced an impressive decrease of 22.4% in the variety of new polyps that had developed over 6 months and a 30% decrease in the size of their colorectal polyps. In comparison, the situation of the sufferers in the team getting placebo had worsened with a rise in both the variety and size of the colorectal polyps.  In the treatment group, the EPA supplementation also caused a positive 2.6-fold increase in the EPA-levels in bowel tissue compared to the placebo-treated group. Because a new form of concentrated EPA in what is called "an enteric-coated formulation" was used for this study (i.e. tablets coated in such a way that they are only digested in the intestine and not in the stomach), the patients found that they did not experience indigestion which is often associated with taking omega-3 supplements.

 

 

 

Is Weight Loss Surgery Enhances The Risk Of Colon Cancer?

Being overweight is already connected to high chance of digestive tract or anal melanoma, but a new research indicates this danger is even greater for overweight individuals who have gone through weight-loss surgery treatment. Based on a research of more than 77,000 overweight sufferers, Swedish and English scientists discovered the danger for intestinal tract melanoma among those who have had obesity surgery treatment is double that of the common inhabitants.

Though colon cancer risk among overweight sufferers who didn't have the surgery treatment was just 26 % greater than in the common inhabitants, scientists said the outcomes should not discouraget individuals from going under the knife."These results should not be used to guide decisions made by sufferers or physicians at all until the outcomes are verified by other research," said Dr. Jesper Lagergren, the new study's senior author and a professor at both the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm and King's College London.
Each season more than 100,000 individuals in the U.S. have done surgery treatment to cure obesity.
Lagergren and his co-workers point out in their report, released in the Annals of Surgery, that obesity is connected with raised threats for a variety of malignancies, such as intestinal tract, breasts and prostate.
Whether surgery treatment to shed body weight can impact those threats is unclear.

Two previously research, one from the U.S. and the other from Sweden, discovered that the chances of obesity-related malignancies decrease after females have weight-loss surgery treatment.
But an earlier research from Lagergren's team discovered the threats for breasts and prostate malignancies were unchanged by obesity surgery treatment, and intestinal tract melanoma risk increased.
To examine that finding further, Lagergren's team gathered 29 years' worth of medical records on more than 77,000 individuals in Sweden who were clinically diagnosed as overweight between 1980 and 2009. About 15,000 of them experienced weight-loss surgery treatment.
In the surgery group, 70 individuals designed intestinal tract melanoma - a rate that was 60 % greater than what would be predicted for the larger Swedish population.

When the scientists looked only at individuals who had surgery treatment more than 10 year before the end of the research period, the variety of melanoma cases was 200 % greater than the predicted risk for the general population.In comparison, 373 individuals in the no-surgery team developed intestinal tract melanoma, which was 26 % more than would be predicted in the inhabitants and that variety stayed constant over time.

A two-foldincreased risk for intestinal tract melanoma is not a "negligible risk increase, but it should not be of any major concern for the individual patient since the overall danger is still low," Lagergren told Reuters Health in an email.In the U.S.,
For example, - 40 out of every 100,000 females and approximately 53 out of every 100,000 men develop intestinal tract melanoma each season.
- Doubling that danger would make the yearly numbers 80 out of every 100,000 females and 106 out of every 100,000 men.
- Lagergren said that more research are needed to validate his outcomes before they should be included in medical decision-making about whether sufferers should go through weight-loss surgery treatment.

The research outcomes cannot confirm that the surgery treatment is the cause of the raised cancer risk.
And, Lagergren says it's also not clear why the surgery treatment might be connected with an raised chance of intestinal tract melanoma.One probability is that nutritional changes after surgery treatment, and increasing protein in particular, could raise melanoma danger, he believed.
Because the gut performs a significant role in the defense mechanisms, he added, "Another potential factor is that the parasites that normally live in the digestive system may change after surgery treatment and after surgery and alter future cancer risk."Lagergren mentioned that he also couldn't rule out the  possibility that residual excess weight and weight gain after surgery might be involved.

Source: http://bit.ly/10TcCGy

Lower The Risk Of Colon Cancer

An approximated 148,000 Individuals will be diagnosed with melanoma of the colon in 2006. Having a close relative with melanoma of the colon or an adenoma (noncancerous growth) clearly marks you as someone who needs to be extra watchful. Lack of family history, however, is no reprieve.75 % of melanoma of the colon patients seem to have no inherited risk.

Fortunately, many of the factors that enhance melanoma of the colon risk are habits you can change. Analysis has revealed that change of habit does change risk.
Consider first processed meats, such as bacon, sausage and hot dogs. In one large research, those who ate even 4 to 8 oz. of processed meat weekly showed a 13 % enhance in colon melanoma compared to those who ate no processed meat. In another research, taking nearly three oz. a day raised colon melanoma risk 42 %. In these same research, those who ate more than three to four oz. per day of red meat, chicken and lamb had at least 15 % more colon melanoma than those who ate less than 7 oz. per weeks time.

Laboratory research have suggested several mechanisum by which these foods may raise melanoma risk. Nitrites that some processed foods contain may form cancer-causing compounds. Greater melanoma risk could come from red meat's higher heme iron, a form of iron especially high in red meats.This irom is associated with damage to the colon lining and stimulating inappropriate cell development. Meat is also associated with developing cancer-causing compounds in the gut.

Stay away from high fat foods
Another influence on melanoma of the colon risk is the fat you eat. Studies suggest that more saturated fat, from fatty meat, ice cream, high-fat cheese and dairy, may trigger increased production of insulin and development factors that seem to promote colon polyp growth. In contrast, diets high in omega-3 fat found particularly in fish such as salmon, albacore tuna and rainbow trout  may reduce inflammation that may lead to melanoma of the colon, and may enhance the self-destruction of melanoma cells.

Monounsaturated fat like olive oil do not seem to affect melanoma of the colon risk unless  you use so much that calorie intake becomes too high to maintain a healthy weight.  Additional weight is strongly linked to melanoma of the colon, especially for men, premenopausal women and those with unwanted fat centered at the waist. If your  weight is too high, look for a few simple changes you can adopt for the long-term, such as 25 % modest amounts, moving to a plant-based diet with lots of vegetables, reduction on sweet drinks and high-calorie snacks, and  adding daily exercise.

Eat your veggies
If you’re not getting five to 10 servings of vegetables and fruits and at least three servings of whole grains each day all sources of fiber consider that a risk. Not all population studies show an effect of fiber on colon cancer risk. However, laboratory studies show a variety of ways that fiber may protect the cells of our colon from cancer-causing substances. Also, recent population studies have shown an approximate 25 percent decrease in colon cancer and precancerous growths in those who meet current fiber recommendations. Many researchers have found that eating foods high in fiber, which also supply a wide array of protective vitamins and phytochemicals, provide benefits that adding fiber supplements do not.

Regular average activity such as walking for 30 to 60 minutes a day doesn’t just help system weight reduction.Regular exercise brings changes in various hormones and development factors that lower chance of melanoma of the colon 40 to 50 %.

Colorectal Cancer Screening: Is Ultimate Choice For Women

Many consider it a man's illness. Yet 50 percent of those clinically identified as having intestinal tract melanoma each year are females. And about 50 percent of those females will die from it. This melanoma is highly treatable if captured at an beginning stage. Even better, certain precautionary measures can reduce risk from the illness in the first place.
Experts says “Ninety percent of colon cancer situations can be handled when found and handled at an beginning stage, so frequent assessments are important”

Risk Enhances with Age

The majority of melanoma of the digestive tract situations begin as little benign growths called polyps that can become cancer over time. Polyps may appear in either the digestive tract or the anus, both of which are aspect of the colon. Age is one of the biggest risks. More than 90% of cases occur in people older than age 50. In fact, after age 75, more females die of intestinal tract melanoma than of breast cancers.  Women also may be at increased danger if they have polyps, a genealogy of polyps or intestinal tract melanoma, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's illness.

Screening Should Start before Symptoms

Colorectal melanoma is often symptom-less in its very first and most treatable stages. Examining helps to identify polyps so they can be eliminated before turning cancer. Expert suggests frequent screening for all females beginning at age 50. Those at risky may need to begin with screening at an earlier age.

Symptoms of intestinal tract melanoma may include:

• Any change in the regular patterns or regularity of intestinal habits.
• Diarrhea, intestinal problems, or a feeling that your bowels have not purged completely.
• Blood in the feces that is either bright-red or very dark.
• Stools that are smaller than usual.
• Frequent gas discomfort, chronic pain, or stomach ache.

Depending on your age and risks, your doctor may suggest certain screening assessments as aspect of a frequent check-up. One common analyze is a simple, yearly fecal occult blood blood test (FOBT). This pain-free analyze requires feces examples that can be collected in the privacy of a woman's home.

Free Colon Cancer Examining Kits

This analyze finds the presence of blood in the feces, which is a warning for intestinal tract melanoma.  Many aspects can intervene with the precision of this screening procedure; so follow-up tests necessary to validate good outcomes.  Using a kit, a little sample of feces is gathered at home and examined for blood in the Silver Cross Laboratory and results are mailed to patients.